1819 & Before: Singapore's Pasts Noam Wasserman and office politics

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his frank and refreshing message about the value of individual responsibility and ancient wisdom has resonated around the world

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1819 & Before: Singapore's Pasts Noam Wasserman and office politicsThe essays published here began as a series of lectures commemorating the bicentennial of Thomas Stamford Raffless establishment of a British Station in 1819. The essays draw on thirty five years of archaeological investigations on and around Fort Canning, new readings of the Malay Annals, early Chinese records reporting Singapore, and the Portuguese and Dutch records to probe and challenge our understanding of Singapores history before Raffles.